Effect of alkaline and steam pre-treatment on saccharification of corn cob and production of cellullase from fungal consortium
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Olumakinde Charles Omiyale 1 , Abiodun Saheed Ajadi 2 , Favour Okechi Ifeanyi-Nze 3 * , Taiwo Temitope Ogunjobi 4 , Gregory Otiti 5 , Emmanuel Oluwadamilare Ojo 6 , Ogochukwu Mercy Ezeh 7 , Osemudiamhen David Osajie 3 , Osemwengie Oluwadare Obaseki 3 , Oluwatoyin Olabimpe Olofin 8
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1 Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, NIGERIA2 Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NIGERIA3 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, NIGERIA4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, NIGERIA5 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, NIGERIA6 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Ile-Ife, NIGERIA7 Plant Breeding, Crop Improvement Unit, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, NIGERIA8 Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology Akure, Gaga, NIGERIA* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass as fossil fuel alternative comes with its challenges such as its inherent stability and recalcitrance. The use of commercial cellulase in the removal of lignin comes with high cost. This research seeks to answer questions on how alkaline and steam pre-treatment improve cellulose/glucose liberation from lignocellulosic biomass (corn cobs) using a consortium of pichia kudriavzevii and cyberlindnera fabianii.
In the current study, the effectiveness of steam and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pre-treatment for reducing corn cob structure was examined, and the pre-treated biomass afterwards was exposed to the hydrolyzing activity of a consortium enzyme cocktail that was custom-formulated. The results of an analysis of composition showed that while alkaline pre-treated corn cob (APC) had 1.2% lignin, 75.8% cellulose, and 10.9% hemicellulose, steam pre-treated corn cob (SPC) had 2.5% lignin, 67.2% cellulose, and 25% hemicellulose. Lignin was eliminated from the biomass of corn cobs using both steam and NaOH pre-treatment. The hydrolyzing effect of the holocellulolytic enzyme cocktail, prepared with two multifunctional enzymes, was applied to the alkaline and steam pre-treated samples. This hydrolyzed SPCs more effectively than APC feedstocks, revealing that steam was a more effective pre-treatment attaining a remarkable 8.33 U/mg endoglucanase, 5.56 U/mg exoglycanase and 8.97U/mg beta-glucosidase levels (event 1) and glucose peak concentration of 0.433 mol/mL at 48 hours (event 2); according to a thorough examination of cellulase capacity and glucose levels.
Overall, the consortium enzyme cocktail effectively hydrolyzed agricultural feedstocks that had undergone alkaline pre-treatment, making it a desirable option for usage in the bioconversion procedure in the biorefinery sector. This study demonstrates an effective technique for turning agricultural waste (corn cob) into high-value products through effective and practical chemical pre-processing.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES, Volume 7, Issue 4, 2023, Article No: em0238

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/13817

Publication date: 19 Oct 2023

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