Abstract
Pyrolysis of butyl rubber tube waste was performed under an inert nitrogen gas environment for temperature ranging between 25 and 1,000 °C, by varying the heating rates (5, 10, 20, 35, and 55 °C min−1). Five different iso-conversional approaches, namely, Differential Friedman, Ozawa-Flynn-Wall, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunuse, Distributed activation, and Starink, were employed to investigate the kinetics and thermodynamic parameters. The mean activation energy (Eα), and pre-exponential factor (ko) varied between 222.67 and 244.73 kJ mol-1 and 6.82×1021 and 2.73×1024 s-1 respectively, for all iso-conversional approaches. From the kinetic investigation, a strong correlation co-efficient (R2>0.97) was ascertained in the conversion range of up to α=0.8 for all the iso-conversational approaches. By thermodynamic analysis, the mean values of change in enthalpy and change in Gibbs free energy were 217.06-239.13 kJ mol-1 and 185.12-218.11, kJ mol-1, respectively. From the master plot analysis, diffusion model (D3), and several reaction order models (F1, F2, F3, and F5) were predicted throughout the conversion (0.1 to 0.8) limit at 20 °C min-1 for the pyrolysis of BRT.
License
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article Type: Research Article
EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2023, Article No: em0215
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/12878
Publication date: 01 Apr 2023
Online publication date: 26 Jan 2023
Article Views: 1208
Article Downloads: 741
Open Access References How to cite this article